A Survey on Gynecological Problems among Women Attending Gynecology Health Screening Camp in Different Parts of Eastern Nepal: A Cross- Sectional Study

Background: Women have unique health concerns and are affected by health issues that are either more prevalent in women than in men or a disease that is common in men too but require a different treatment approach in women and this is where women’s health comes into play. Women’s health encompasses several aspects ranging from menstrual and reproductive system disorders to infertility and from pregnancy to menopause. These reproductive morbidities are broadly categorized into obstetric, gynecological or contraceptive morbidity. Among these three categories of reproductive morbidities, gynecological morbidities are relatively more frequent and account for a major proportion (43%-92%) of the disease burden in women. The goal of study is to find the prevalence of gynecological issues in women of rural area and provide better health services to them with creating awareness for their better reproductive health.

Methods: The study was cross-sectional in design. It was conducted in seven different places of Jhapa, Sunsari, Ilam, Udaypur and Saptari districts located in Nepal. The study was done in women (members of organization only) who attended health camps in period of 3 months. This observational study conducted from November 2024 to January 2025 in the different places of Nepal. The objective of this study was to evaluate the magnitude and impact of a particular type of gynecological problem in this region and to know the need of developing better Health screening facilities and Diagnostic camps by the Local government in reproductive health of women in our small country.

Results: Among various reproductive health issues, there were three most frequently occurring issues reported which were menstrual problems, urinary tract infection, vaginitis and sexually transmitted disease with a frequency of 48.7%, 35.42%, 20.1% and 17.33% respectively. Among the patients 55.8% women have Healthy vagina and 44.2% has Unhealthy vagina.31 patients have uterine prolapse and 8 patients were suspected with cancer where 1 patient of cervical cancer was diagnosed and had started the treatment.

Conclusions: Menstrual Problems and Urinary tract infections were the major gynecological morbidities observed. This study identifies major gynecological problems in women of different places of Eastern Nepal. Government of Nepal should focus in reproductive health of women by conducting different health screening camps especially in rural part of Nepal. These sorts of camps may help to identify the dangerous diseases like cancer.